Small Actions, Big Impact: Reducing Air Pollution

Air pollution is a serious problem, but it is one that can be solved. While some sources of outdoor air pollution are beyond the control of individuals, there are still many ways that people can help to reduce air pollution and improve air quality. This includes driving less, using public transportation, biking, or walking, as well as using cars with increased fuel efficiency or electric cars. People can also conserve energy by turning off lights, buying energy-efficient appliances, and keeping the thermostat set higher in the summer and lower in the winter. Additionally, individuals can take action within their communities to advocate for solutions to air pollution, such as investing in better public transportation and developing city plans that include infrastructure for walking and biking.

Drive less, and use public transport, carpools, or electric vehicles

Driving less is one of the most effective ways to reduce air pollution. Vehicle exhaust is a major source of air pollution, and by driving less, individuals can significantly reduce their contribution to this issue.

One way to drive less is to use public transportation, such as buses or trains. Public transportation systems allow multiple people to travel together, reducing the number of vehicles on the road and, consequently, the amount of vehicle pollutants in the air. In addition to buses and trains, some cities or towns may also offer bike-share programs, which individuals can take advantage of to reduce air pollution and stay active.

Another option is carpooling, which can be arranged with friends, family, or neighbours. Carpooling reduces the number of vehicles on the road and can also save money on fuel costs. Ride-sharing services are also an option for those who do not know anyone to carpool with.

For those who are unable or unwilling to use public transportation or carpooling, electric vehicles are a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional gasoline-powered cars. Electric vehicles produce zero emissions, and while they may be more expensive upfront, they can save money on fuel costs in the long run.

In addition to driving less, individuals can also make a difference by maintaining their vehicles. Proper maintenance ensures that vehicles run as cleanly and efficiently as possible, reducing the amount of pollution emitted. This includes regular tune-ups, following the manufacturer's maintenance schedule, and using the recommended motor oil.

By driving less and utilizing public transportation, carpooling, or electric vehicles, individuals can play a crucial role in reducing air pollution and improving the health and well-being of their communities.

Keep your car well-maintained and turn off the engine when idle

Keeping your car well-maintained and turning off the engine when idle are two simple yet effective ways to reduce air pollution. Firstly, it is important to keep your car in good condition by performing regular maintenance checks and addressing any issues promptly. This includes fixing exhaust and oxygen sensor problems as soon as they arise, as well as regularly checking your tyre pressure. Under-inflated tyres have been proven to lower gas mileage, especially at lower speeds.

Secondly, turning off your engine when idle is a crucial step in reducing air pollution. Idling vehicles, particularly those with larger engines such as buses and trucks, create hotspots of pollution. Every day, millions of cars idle unnecessarily, even when it is not required, such as when warming up a car or waiting to pick someone up. Turning off your engine when stopped for more than 10 seconds can make a significant difference. Contrary to popular belief, restarting your car does not burn more fuel than leaving it idling. In fact, idling for just 10 seconds wastes more gas than restarting the engine, and it is healthier for you too as you avoid breathing in the dirty exhaust that leaks into the car cabin.

Additionally, keeping your engine running when parked contributes to air pollution and has been linked to serious illnesses. These include asthma, heart disease, chronic bronchitis, and cancer. By turning off your engine when idle, you can help reduce these harmful emissions and improve the air quality in your community. This simple action also saves fuel and reduces engine wear, as modern vehicles do not require "warming up" in the winter.

Finally, maintaining your car and turning off the engine when idle are not only environmentally beneficial but also financially prudent. Idling wastes fuel, and the added wear caused by idling can result in higher maintenance costs. By taking these small but meaningful actions, you can play a vital role in reducing air pollution and improving the health and well-being of those around you.

Don't burn garbage or have backyard fires

Burning garbage and having backyard fires are significant contributors to air pollution. Atmospheric scientist Christine Wiedinmyer noticed that burning piles of trash, which can contain anything from food waste to plastics to electronics, is a significant source of greenhouse gases causing climate change. Backyard fires, including those in patio fire pits and outdoor fireplaces, are also a source of fine-particle air pollution, especially in metro areas. These particles are linked to diseases and health conditions such as asthma, Alzheimer's, cancer, diabetes, preterm births, and premature death.

To reduce air pollution, it is important to avoid burning garbage and to limit backyard fires. Instead of burning garbage, it is better to use proper waste management systems, such as trash pickup services, to dispose of waste. For those who live in areas with waste management infrastructure, this is a more convenient and environmentally friendly option. However, in developing countries, the lack of tax bases and infrastructure can make it challenging to implement such systems.

If you choose to have a backyard fire, there are ways to reduce particle pollution. Only burn seasoned, dry wood, which burns hotter and cleaner, and use a moisture meter to ensure the moisture content is about 20%. Cover stacked wood but allow good airflow so it can dry. Avoid burning wood during air quality alert days when pollution levels are already high. Never burn green wood, construction waste, plastic, garbage, or yard waste, as these create more smoke and can release toxic chemicals.

Switching to natural gas or propane burners for your fire pit or outdoor fireplace can also help reduce harmful air pollutants. Converting to these alternative fuel sources is possible with kits available at hearth and patio stores. Additionally, check your local laws, as some local governments have adopted ordinances to restrict backyard recreational fires.

By avoiding burning garbage and reducing the impact of backyard fires, individuals can play a crucial role in improving air quality and protecting their health and the environment.

Switch to electric or hand-powered lawn equipment

Gas-powered lawn equipment like mowers, leaf blowers, and snow blowers often lack pollution control devices. For example, a typical gas-powered lawnmower can produce nearly the same amount of pollution as a 100-mile car trip. In fact, the emissions from landscaping equipment could soon overtake those from cars in California.

Small off-road engines (SOREs) like those found in lawn equipment are relatively unregulated, and release large quantities of air pollution. They spew out one-third of the gas and oil that goes into the engine as an aerosolized exhaust mixture.

To reduce air pollution, people can switch to using hand-powered or electric lawn equipment. Electric landscaping equipment is becoming more affordable with recent battery advancements. While they may have a higher initial cost, during a typical 10-year lifespan, the cost will level out due to a reduction in fuel and maintenance-related expenses. Electric lawn tools also don't require the same level of maintenance as gas lawn tools, and don't produce smelly fumes.

If you have a small yard, you can also opt for people-powered yard tools, which are cheaper and easier to maintain than their gas counterparts.

Some cities have already banned or limited the use of gas-powered lawn equipment. For example, California has phased out gas-powered SOREs, requiring all new small-engine equipment to be zero-emission by 2024.

Use less energy at home

Using less energy at home is a great way to reduce air pollution. Generating electricity and other sources of energy creates air pollution, so by reducing energy use, you can help improve air quality and curb greenhouse gas emissions.

There are several ways to reduce energy use at home. Firstly, choose energy-efficient appliances and heating systems. Get an energy audit and follow the advice provided. It is also important to turn off electrical appliances and lights when they are not in use.

Another way to reduce energy use is to switch energy suppliers to companies that use renewable energy sources. Check your Energy Performance Certificate to see where you can make improvements, such as installing better insulation or more efficient appliances.

Finally, be mindful of your transportation choices. Transportation contributes significantly to energy consumption and air pollution. Opt for walking, cycling, or taking public transportation whenever possible. If you must drive, consider carpooling or switching to an electric vehicle.

Frequently asked questions