Testing Home Air: Simple Diy Methods To Try

Air pollution is a serious health risk, and indoor air quality is just as important as outdoor air quality. Homes can contain dangerous toxins, and poor indoor air quality can have adverse effects on human health, from mental health and childhood development to heart disease. Testing for air quality can help detect pollutants and reduce your energy bill by improving the efficiency of your HVAC system. Radon, carbon monoxide, and mold are some of the most common toxins found in homes, and there are inexpensive devices available to measure their presence.

Radon tests

Radon is a harmful, invisible, odourless gas that can be found in homes. Testing is the only way to know if you have high levels of radon in your home. Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer and can have a big impact on your health and indoor air quality. When you breathe air containing radon, tiny radioactive particles get trapped in your lungs. These particles then break down and release small bursts of energy that can damage lung tissue over time.

Radon testing can be completed by a radon tester or by using a do-it-yourself radon test kit from a hardware store. Short-term radon testing kits measure radon for 2–90 days for quick results, while long-term kits measure radon in your home for over 90 days. The longer the test, the better the results will reflect your home radon levels and your lifestyle. Your state radon office can give you information on where to get a test kit, and may offer free or discounted test kits. You can also purchase a radon test kit online or in many retail stores.

If you are conducting an at-home radon test, place the detector(s) in the lowest area(s) suitable for occupancy and are frequently used. Do not measure in kitchens, laundry rooms or bathrooms as fan systems and humidity may affect detectors. Make sure to read and follow all of the instructions that come with your test kit. Some other guidelines that your test kit will include are: be sure to maintain closed-house conditions. This means keeping all windows and doors closed, except for normal entry and exit, and no operation of fans or other appliances which bring in outside air. Begin closed-house conditions at least 12 hours prior to the start of the testing period.

If your test results show elevated levels, work with a professional to install a mitigation system to fix the radon problem. These systems collect radon gas from underneath the home and vent it to the outside, reducing radon levels indoors. Knowing your level of radon risk and fixing it, if high levels are present, may save a life.

Carbon monoxide detectors

Carbon monoxide is a highly dangerous, invisible, and odourless gas. It is a leading cause of accidental poisoning deaths, with over 400 Americans succumbing to it annually. The best way to protect yourself is to install carbon monoxide detectors in your home.

It is recommended to place carbon monoxide detectors on every level of the home and in every sleeping area. They should also be placed near potential sources of carbon monoxide, such as furnaces, water heaters, fireplaces, and attached garages. It is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for specific placement and maintenance guidelines, as well as to replace the detectors every five to seven years.

When choosing a carbon monoxide detector, look for models that are certified by testing organizations such as Underwriters Laboratory (UL) or Intertek Electrical Testing Labs (ETL). These organizations ensure that the detectors meet certain standards for safety and performance. Additionally, newer models offer smart features such as mobile app notifications and the ability to work in unison with other detectors, providing added convenience and peace of mind.

Air quality monitors

When choosing an air quality monitor, it is important to consider the specific pollutants you want to detect. For instance, if you reside in an area with high air pollution, selecting a monitor that detects particulate matter is essential. Additionally, some advanced monitors can also measure the room's humidity and temperature, providing a more comprehensive assessment of indoor air quality.

There are various air quality monitors available on the market, ranging from inexpensive to high-end options. For instance, the Govee Smart Air Quality Monitor is a budget-friendly choice, retailing for under $40. It offers an easy-to-use app that can be paired with Govee air purifiers, and it displays the PM 2.5 levels, temperature, and humidity. The monitor also features an air quality indicator color bar, making it user-friendly for those new to air quality monitoring.

On the other hand, the Airthings View Plus is a more comprehensive option, monitoring various air quality conditions, including CO2, VOCs, PM2.5, radon, humidity, temperature, and air pressure. The companion Airthings app allows remote access to air quality data and provides trend data via simple graphs, aiding in identifying patterns of air pollution.

For those seeking CO2-specific monitoring, the Aranet 4 is a recommended choice. It offers onscreen measurements, alerts, and a companion app that works with both iOS and Android devices. The high-quality sensor is built to last for up to seven years, helping to offset the cost of the device.

In addition to these options, other notable mentions include the Temptop M10 Air Quality Monitor, which detects airborne particulate matter, VOCs, and formaldehyde, and the Ikea Vindstyrka, which can be used independently or paired with Ikea's Starkvind air purifier and smart home app.

HVAC systems

A dirty or poorly maintained HVAC system can perpetuate poor air quality in your home. However, with regular cleaning and maintenance, the system can help improve air quality by filtering out pollutants and ensuring proper airflow.

To maintain your HVAC system, you should replace air filters roughly once a season, clean out air ducts and vents every few years, and schedule routine HVAC inspections to ensure the system is working properly. You can also purchase an HVAC filter, which is effective in capturing and removing mould and 99% of air pollutants.

If you want to test your home's air quality, you can use an air quality monitor to provide continuous data on pollutants in the home, like particulate matter, carbon dioxide, and VOCs. Devices like the PurpleAir Indoor Air Quality Monitor help homeowners monitor real-time changes in air quality, making it easier to take action when necessary.

If you are testing for a specific pollutant, you should choose a monitor that detects the specific pollutants that concern you. For example, if you live in an area with high air pollution, you’re more likely to need a model that detects particulate matter. Those who live in older homes may want to get a model that detects radon and carbon monoxide.

Mould checks

Identify Potential Mould Areas

Mould is typically found in areas with high moisture levels, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and basements. Check for any signs of water leaks, standing water, or excess humidity, as these conditions can promote mould growth.

Visual Inspection

Start by conducting a thorough visual inspection of your home. Look for any visible mould growth, which can appear in corners, crevices, and other hidden areas. Mould can vary in appearance, ranging from black or green patches to fuzzy or thread-like substances. If you see any visible mould, there is no need to test the air, but you should take action to remove it promptly.

Air Quality Monitors and Sensors

To detect mould spores in the air, you can use indoor air quality monitors or sensors. These devices can constantly track mould levels and provide real-time data on indoor air quality. Some advanced monitors have smart home connectivity, allowing you to pair them with other appliances to optimize your indoor environment.

Mould Test Kits

If you suspect mould growth but cannot see it, consider using a mould test kit. These kits are widely available at home improvement stores or online retailers. They typically include air sampling devices, chemical strips, or Petri dishes, along with instructions for proper usage. Close any doors, windows, or vents for at least 24 hours before testing to ensure accurate results.

Sending Samples to a Laboratory

Some mould test kits provide immediate results, while others may take a few days or require sending samples to a laboratory for analysis. Laboratory analysis can offer more detailed information about the type and concentration of mould, helping you identify the specific mould present in your home.

Preventative Measures

While testing for mould is essential, taking a preventative approach is even wiser. This includes regularly cleaning and maintaining your home, fixing any moisture issues, and ensuring proper ventilation. Additionally, consider investing in a high-quality air purifier designed to target mould spores and improve your indoor air quality.

Frequently asked questions