Strategies To Mitigate Sewage Water Pollution

Sewer water pollution is a pressing issue that poses risks to human health and aquatic ecosystems, contributing to biodiversity and habitat loss. Sewage contains harmful bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause various illnesses, including gastrointestinal problems, rashes, and eye infections. It also pollutes waterways with excess nutrients, leading to harmful algal blooms that endanger public health and damage coastal ecosystems. Aging and outdated infrastructure, urban runoff, and insufficient wastewater treatment are significant contributors to this issue. However, there are actions we can take to reduce sewer water pollution. By properly disposing of waste, conserving water, and managing stormwater runoff, we can minimize the impact on our sewer systems and improve water quality. Upgrading and investing in wastewater infrastructure is also crucial to ensuring effective sewage treatment and protecting our environment.

How to reduce sewer water pollution

Dispose of fats, oils, and grease correctly

Sewer water pollution is a pressing issue, with ageing infrastructure and increased urbanisation contributing to the problem. One of the most important things individuals can do to reduce sewer pollution is to dispose of fats, oils, and grease correctly. These substances can cause significant blockages in pipes, leading to sewage backing up into streets, homes, and even onto your lawn.

So, what's the best way to dispose of fats, oils, and grease? Firstly, it's important to never pour these substances down the sink or drain. Instead, collect the fat, oil, or grease in a container and allow it to cool before disposal. You can use a "fat jar", an old glass jar, or even a bowl lined with foil. Once the grease has solidified, you can simply throw it in the trash. It's important to use a sturdy bag, like a Ziplock bag, to prevent any leaks or messes.

If you want to get creative, you can mix grease with absorbent waste, turning it into solid waste that can be thrown away with your regular trash. However, be cautious when using this method, as too much oil can 'clog' the soil and prevent natural absorption. Additionally, be mindful of using animal fats in this method, as the rancid smell may attract unwanted animals.

Another option is to recycle your used oils and fats. Some waste disposal companies and restaurants participate in oil recycling programs, where they collect used oils to create biofuels. Before dropping off your oil at a recycling site, be sure to strain out any food bits and purify the oil.

By disposing of fats, oils, and grease correctly, you can help prevent sewer blockages and reduce the risk of sewage backups, protecting both your home and the environment.

Don't put chemicals or cleaning agents down the sink or toilet

Sewage pollution is a pressing issue, threatening water quality and the health of those who come into contact with it. While ageing and poorly maintained infrastructure is a key factor, there are also actions individuals can take to reduce sewer water pollution. One important action is to avoid putting chemicals or cleaning agents down the sink or toilet.

Putting household chemicals or cleaning agents down the drain can cause significant damage to plumbing and sewage systems. Many household chemicals are hazardous and can accumulate in the environment, interfering with wastewater treatment processes and polluting drinking water. These chemicals can enter septic systems or municipal sewer systems, and in some cases, pass through unchanged, polluting water downstream. Septic systems rely on bacteria to decompose waste, and toxic materials can kill these helpful bacteria, causing the system to malfunction.

Corrosive chemicals designed for toilet bowls, for example, should not be used to clean sinks. Toilets are often made of durable porcelain, which can withstand harsh chemicals, whereas sinks are typically made of more delicate materials like stainless steel or ceramic, which are more susceptible to damage. The strong acids in some toilet cleaners can cause discolouration, cracks, or corrosion, resulting in unsightly stains or long-term deterioration of the sink.

Toilet bowl cleaners and other cleaning agents may contain surfactants, disinfectants, and fragrances. Surfactants help break down grease and dirt, disinfectants eliminate bacteria and viruses, and fragrances provide a fresh scent. While these may be effective for cleaning toilets, they can damage sinks and cause plumbing issues. It is, therefore, important to use cleaning products specifically designed for the surface you are cleaning.

To reduce sewer water pollution, individuals should dispose of household chemicals and hazardous materials according to local regulations. Many communities have waste collection days where residents can safely dispose of hazardous waste, such as automotive paint, brake fluid, and chemical cleaning agents. By properly disposing of these substances, individuals can play a crucial role in protecting their local waterways and sewage systems.

Conserve water to reduce wastewater

Conserving water is essential to reducing wastewater and, in turn, preventing sewage from reaching our beaches and waterways. Here are some ways to conserve water and reduce wastewater:

Reduce Water Usage

Small changes in daily habits can lead to significant water savings. Simple actions such as turning off the tap while shaving or brushing teeth, taking shorter showers instead of baths, and only running the dishwasher and washing machine for full loads can make a difference. Fixing leaks is also crucial, as small household leaks can add up to gallons of water lost daily.

Water-Efficient Products

Installing water-efficient products is an effective way to conserve water. Look for WaterSense-labeled products, which are independently certified to meet EPA's criteria for efficiency and performance. WaterSense faucet aerators, for example, are inexpensive and can help reduce your water and energy usage.

Landscape and Garden Management

When it comes to outdoor water usage, there are several strategies to reduce wastewater. Using native plants in your landscape is a good start, as they require less water than ornamental varieties. Implementing mulch around shrubs and garden plants helps retain moisture and reduces evaporation. Additionally, removing thatch and aerating turf encourages water movement to the root zone.

Reducing Runoff

In urban areas, rainwater often runs off paved surfaces, causing flooded conditions and washing pollutants into local waterways. To reduce runoff, direct roof downspouts into rain barrels or vegetated areas, and consider replacing water-intensive lawns with native plants.

Waste Disposal

Improper waste disposal can lead to sewer blockages and overflows. Never use your toilet as a wastebasket, and avoid pouring fats, oils, or grease down the sink. Keep a "fat jar" under the sink to collect cooking fats and dispose of them in the solid waste when full.

By following these guidelines and making conscious efforts to conserve water, we can help reduce wastewater and minimize the risk of sewage pollution in our communities.

Direct roof downspouts into a rain barrel to reduce runoff

Rain barrels are an effective way to reduce sewer water pollution. They are a rainwater catchment system that helps to reduce the volume of runoff entering the storm sewer. This is especially important in urban areas, where rain runs off paved, impermeable surfaces, causing flooded conditions and washing pollutants into local waterways.

To direct roof downspouts into a rain barrel, you will need to purchase a rain barrel and a diverter. The diverter connects the barrel to the downspout, and a spigot or hose connector allows you to drain the water for use. When choosing a diverter, ensure it is the correct size for your barrel and downspout. You may need to modify your downspout by cutting it to the correct height and using an elbow to direct the flow of water into the barrel.

It is important to plan for overflow. A heavy rainfall may result in more water than your barrel can hold. Some barrels include a hose to drain the overflow, while others use a basic overflow outlet. You may also be able to link multiple barrels together to collect the overflow.

Rain barrels are a low-maintenance water storage system. Be sure to keep the spigot closed during a rainstorm. When not in use, leave the spigot open to prevent water from entering your home's foundation. Regularly inspect your barrel for damage or leaks and clean out any sediment or debris.

Upgrade outdated septic systems

Upgrading outdated septic systems is crucial to prevent sewage overflows and leaks, ensuring that untreated sewage does not contaminate water sources. Here are some key strategies for upgrading outdated septic systems:

Firstly, it is important to recognise the signs of a failing septic system. Slow drainage, gurgling noises, plumbing backups, and offensive odours are all indicators that your septic system may need an upgrade. If you notice water puddles in your drain field or near your septic tank, this is a serious sign that requires immediate attention and could indicate the need for a full system upgrade.

Investing in advanced septic tanks with improved features is one of the most impactful upgrades. These modern tanks are designed with better aeration systems and enhanced waste breakdown capabilities, improving efficiency and reducing the risk of clogs and blockages. Effluent filters, for example, prevent solid waste from entering the drain field, minimising the chances of system failures.

Another upgrade option is to incorporate Aerobic Treatment Units (ATUs). Unlike traditional anaerobic systems, ATUs utilise oxygen to promote the growth of aerobic bacteria, resulting in faster and more efficient waste breakdown. This not only improves wastewater treatment but also reduces your environmental impact.

Upgrading the distribution box is another crucial aspect. The distribution box ensures that wastewater is uniformly distributed to the drain field. Upgrading this component guarantees a balanced wastewater flow and prevents overloading certain parts of the drain field.

By investing in these upgrades and implementing routine maintenance practices, you can enhance the performance and longevity of your septic system while minimising the risk of costly repairs and disruptions to your property.

Frequently asked questions