Reduce Pollution From Wood-Burning Stoves: Tips For Cleaner Burning

Wood-burning stoves have become increasingly popular, especially in urban areas, as the cost of gas and electricity soars. However, there are growing concerns about the health implications of the particulate matter they release. While wood-burning stoves can be a carbon-neutral source of heat, they can also contribute to air pollution if not used correctly. To reduce pollution from wood-burning stoves, it is important to follow the manufacturer's guidelines, use dry and untreated wood, ensure proper installation and maintenance, and source wood from local and sustainable suppliers. Additionally, replacing old stoves with modern, clean-burning ones and opting for eco-friendly stove models can significantly reduce emissions.

Use kiln-dried logs or briquettes

Using kiln-dried logs or briquettes is a great way to reduce pollution from wood-burning stoves. Wet wood, or wood with a moisture content of over 20%, produces smoke and harmful particles when burnt, which is not only bad for your health and the environment but can also damage your stove and chimney. It is also an inefficient way to heat your home.

Kiln-dried logs, on the other hand, have a moisture content of below 20%, which means they burn more efficiently and cleanly, producing more heat and less smoke. They are also easier to light and produce a satisfying crackling sound. While they are more expensive than traditional logs, kiln-dried logs are a much better option if you want to reduce the pollution from your wood-burning stove.

Briquettes are another option for those looking to reduce pollution. Made from compressed recycled sawdust, briquettes deliver 50% more heat for each pound spent and are much cleaner than traditional logs. They might not be as aesthetically pleasing, but they are a more environmentally-friendly option.

If you are looking to reduce the pollution from your wood-burning stove, using kiln-dried logs or briquettes is a great place to start. Not only will you be reducing the amount of harmful particles released into the air, but you will also be improving the efficiency of your stove and reducing maintenance costs.

Burn dry untreated wood with less than 20% moisture

Burning dry untreated wood with less than 20% moisture is one of the best ways to reduce pollution from your wood-burning stove. Wood with a moisture content of 20% or higher releases more particles when burnt, creating smoke and harmful pollutants that are damaging to both your health and the environment. It is also an inefficient way to heat your home, as well as being more costly in terms of fuel and flue maintenance.

Wet wood should be stored in a dry area for at least two years before burning to ensure it meets the correct moisture requirements. You can use a moisture meter to measure the water content of the wood. Only burn wood that has a moisture content of 20% or less.

Ready-to-Burn wood is a good option, as it confirms that the fuel meets the sulphur, moisture, and smoke emission limits. It is better for your appliance and chimney and will reduce maintenance and fuel costs.

Burning dry untreated wood with less than 20% moisture is also more efficient and produces more heat. It is easier to light and produces a satisfying crackle, rather than a sputtering hiss.

By following these steps and choosing the right type of wood, you can significantly reduce the pollution emitted by your wood-burning stove and improve the efficiency of your heating.

Don't burn wet, painted, glued or treated wood

Wet, painted, glued, or treated wood should never be burned in a wood stove. Burning wet wood can cause both short-term and long-term issues for your fireplace or stove. Firstly, it will be harder to ignite and maintain the fire. Secondly, it will produce more smoke, creosote, and other harmful pollutants, which will contribute to poor local air quality and increase the need for chimney cleaning. Wet wood will also produce approximately 50% less heat than seasoned wood.

Painted wood should not be burned because it may release toxic chemicals and fumes into your home and the surrounding environment. Old wood with lead-based paint is especially toxic.

Wood glue, such as that used in plywood, often contains urea-formaldehyde glue, which releases unhealthy levels of UF into the air when burned. It is best to avoid burning glued wood, especially in an indoor fireplace.

Treated wood, such as old pallets or decking, can release toxic chemicals like arsenic when burned. The US Environmental Protection Agency considers such wood as hazardous waste.

Install a modern, clean-burning stove

If you are using a wood-burning stove, it is important to consider upgrading to a modern, clean-burning stove. Older stoves are a notable source of particle emissions, which contribute to reduced air quality, especially in larger cities. Modern, clean-burning stoves emit far fewer particles and are a more environmentally friendly option.

A modern, clean-burning stove is designed to minimise particle emissions. When purchasing a new stove, look for one that is EcoDesign-certified. These stoves are built to exceed low-emission targets and produce up to 80% less emissions than a 10-year-old stove. By choosing a modern, efficient stove, you can significantly reduce your impact on the environment and improve air quality.

In addition to reduced emissions, modern stoves offer improved combustion efficiency. This means that you will get more heat from your stove while using less wood. As a result, you will save money on fuel costs and spend less time refuelling your stove. The improved efficiency also contributes to a reduced environmental impact, as you will be consuming less wood over time.

When choosing a modern, clean-burning stove, it is important to select a reputable manufacturer that prioritises low emissions and high efficiency. Look for stoves that have been independently tested and certified to meet strict emission standards. Additionally, consider seeking out a stove with advanced combustion technology, such as secondary combustion or catalytic combustion systems. These technologies help ensure more complete combustion, resulting in even lower emissions and improved heat output.

By investing in a modern, clean-burning stove, you can enjoy the benefits of a cosy fire while minimising your impact on the environment and contributing to improved air quality. Not only will you reduce particle emissions, but you will also benefit from a more efficient and cost-effective heating solution. Remember to also follow best practices for fuel selection and stove maintenance to further reduce your environmental footprint.

Service your stove and sweep the chimney annually

Servicing your stove and sweeping the chimney annually is crucial for reducing pollution from your wood-burning stove and maintaining optimal performance. Here are some reasons why regular maintenance is essential:

Improved Air Quality

The accumulation of soot, ash, and creosote in your stove and chimney can contribute to air pollution. Creosote, in particular, is a highly combustible residue that forms when wood gases don't completely burn. Regular servicing and sweeping help remove these built-up deposits, ensuring your stove burns cleaner and reduces the emission of harmful pollutants.

Enhanced Efficiency

Proper maintenance of your wood-burning stove and chimney improves its efficiency. A well-maintained stove requires less wood to generate the same amount of heat. This not only saves you time and money but also reduces the overall pollution produced by your stove.

Safety

Wood-burning stoves can pose safety hazards if not properly maintained. Regular servicing ensures that all components of your stove are in good working condition, reducing the risk of fire hazards or toxic emissions due to faulty parts. Additionally, a clean chimney allows for proper ventilation, preventing the buildup of dangerous gases like carbon monoxide.

Extended Stove Lifespan

Annual servicing and sweeping help extend the lifespan of your wood-burning stove. By keeping the stove and chimney clean and well-maintained, you reduce the chances of premature wear and tear on critical components. This can save you money in the long run by delaying the need for costly repairs or replacements.

Compliance with Regulations

In some areas, there may be regulations and standards for wood-burning stoves to control air pollution. For example, certain jurisdictions have implemented "no-burn days" or "burn bans" to prevent air quality from reaching unhealthy levels. By regularly servicing your stove and ensuring it operates efficiently, you can help stay compliant with such regulations.

Frequently asked questions