Ways To Reduce Water Pollution And Save Our Oceans

Water pollution is a pressing issue, with our rivers, lakes, and seas overwhelmed by waste, chemicals, plastics, and other harmful pollutants. This pollution has severe ecological consequences, threatening aquatic life and creating dead zones devoid of life. To reduce water pollution, individuals can take several steps, including reducing plastic consumption, properly disposing of chemicals, and minimizing the use of pesticides and fertilizers. Implementing water-efficient fixtures, such as low-flow toilets and showerheads, can also significantly reduce water usage and, consequently, the pollution generated by treating water with chemicals. Additionally, individuals can contribute by volunteering for riverbank plantings, creating native plant buffers, and supporting initiatives to improve water quality in their local areas.

Reduce plastic consumption and recycle

Plastic is one of the biggest contributors to water pollution. The very properties of plastic that make it so versatile and useful in our daily lives—its durability and longevity—also make it a formidable pollutant. It takes hundreds of years for plastic to fully degrade, and during this time, it breaks down into microplastics, which are often ingested by marine animals, endangering their lives.

To reduce plastic consumption, it is important to be mindful of the plastic products we use daily and make conscious choices to opt for reusable, recyclable, or second-hand alternatives. For example, instead of using disposable containers for your lunch, switch to reusable containers. Similarly, invest in a good water bottle or thermos, and consider installing a filter on your water tap at home to refill your bottle, eliminating the need to buy bottled water. When shopping, bring your own reusable bags and try to buy items with minimal packaging.

Another way to reduce plastic consumption is to buy second-hand. Thrift stores, garage sales, and online marketplaces often have a wide variety of plastic items, from toys to kitchenware, that can be reused. For items you rarely need, consider borrowing or renting instead of buying new. This not only reduces plastic consumption but also saves money.

Recycling is another crucial way to reduce plastic pollution. However, it is important to note that not all plastics can be recycled through your household recycling bin. Plastic bags, wraps, and films, for example, need to be taken to specific drop-off locations or stores that accept them for recycling. Check the number on the bottom of your containers to determine what can be recycled and where. Curbside recycling companies commonly accept containers marked #1 (PET) and #2 (HDPE), while containers marked #5 (PP) may be accepted in some areas. Additionally, when possible, purchase products made from recycled plastic materials to support the recycled plastic market.

Finally, proper maintenance and repair of plastic products can extend their lifespan, reducing the need for frequent replacement. This proactive approach to plastic consumption and recycling can significantly reduce plastic pollution and its harmful effects on our water systems and marine life.

Dispose of chemicals, oils, and non-biodegradables properly

Improper disposal of chemicals, oils, and non-biodegradables can have far-reaching consequences for the environment and human health. It is important to dispose of these substances properly to reduce water pollution and mitigate environmental degradation. Here are some ways to do this:

Chemicals

Hazardous household chemicals should never be poured down the drain or dumped onto the ground. These chemicals can include cleaning supplies, laundry products, paints, insecticides, and pool chemicals. Instead, find out if your city has a hazardous waste collection day, and properly dispose of these chemicals through the designated channels. If your city does not have such a program, advocate for one to be implemented. Additionally, consider switching to nontoxic household products to reduce the number of chemicals in your home and waterways.

Oils

Oil waste disposal is a significant contributor to water pollution. Even a small amount of waste oil can contaminate large volumes of water, rendering it unsafe for consumption and harming aquatic life. Used motor oil should be recycled at designated centres or service stations, not thrown in the trash or poured down the drain. To prevent oil leaks, maintain your vehicles and machinery properly. Commercial car washes are also recommended, as they reclaim wastewater using special filtration systems.

Non-biodegradables

Non-biodegradable waste, such as plastics, insulation, and food packaging, does not break down naturally and can release toxins, including cancer-causing substances and heavy metals, into the environment. To reduce the impact of non-biodegradable waste, adopt sustainable practices such as waste reduction, reuse, and recycling. Composting, for example, is a sustainable way to recycle non-biodegradables into soil amendments for gardens or landscaping. Additionally, support and encourage the development of technologies that can convert non-biodegradable materials into renewable fuels or compostables.

Reduce grass-covered areas and cut grass longer

Grass-covered areas are common in many places, with over 40 million acres of lawn in the US alone. However, these areas can contribute to water pollution, and there are several ways to reduce this impact. Firstly, it is important to reduce the grass-covered areas. This can be done by landscaping with drought-tolerant plants and grasses, which require less water and are more resilient. By having a variety of plants and grasses, the need for grass-covered areas is reduced, and this can help to improve water quality.

Additionally, it is beneficial to cut grass longer, maintaining a height of at least three inches. Longer grass shades its roots, making it more drought-tolerant, and also helps to block weeds. With deeper roots, grass can access water from greater depths, reducing the need for additional watering. Longer grass also helps to trap potential pollutants that would otherwise blow into storm drains and, ultimately, local waterways.

To further reduce the impact on water pollution, it is important to consider the maintenance of grass-covered areas. Grass clippings should be left on the lawn or composted, as they provide vital nutrients. However, when blown into streets, they can be washed into storm drains, contributing to water pollution. Reducing the frequency of mowing can also help, as longer grass blades improve moisture retention in the soil, reducing the amount of water needed.

Finally, it is worth noting that the equipment and tools used to maintain grass-covered areas can also contribute to water pollution. Gasoline-powered lawn mowers and leaf blowers, for example, have a heavy carbon cost and can spill fuel. Therefore, it is advisable to opt for electric or manual alternatives, or to reduce the use of these tools altogether.

Use phosphate-free soaps and detergents

Phosphates are chemical compounds containing the element phosphorus. They are widely used in cleaning products such as detergents, soaps, and shampoos because of their ability to remove dirt, grime, and oil. Phosphorus is especially important in regions with hard water as it prevents minerals from interfering with the cleaning process and stops food particles from depositing again on dishes.

However, phosphates have been linked to several environmental problems, including water pollution, eutrophication, and algal blooms. When phosphate-based soaps are used, they are eventually washed down the drain and into waterways. In aquatic ecosystems, phosphorus, along with another essential nutrient, nitrogen, supports the growth of algae and aquatic plants. This can lead to an overgrowth of these organisms, resulting in the depletion of oxygen in the water and harm to fish and other aquatic life.

By using phosphate-free soaps and detergents, you can help to reduce water pollution. Phosphate-free soaps do not contribute to eutrophication and the formation of algal blooms, making them safer for aquatic life and helping to maintain healthy waterways. They also improve air quality by reducing the formation of smog, which can enhance respiratory health for both humans and animals.

Many states in the US have already banned the sale of dishwasher detergents that contain high levels of phosphates, and industries are innovating to reformulate their products with phosphate alternatives. You can check the EPA's Safer Choice database to find detergents and other products that perform well and are safer for human health and the environment.

Buy non-toxic, biodegradable cleaners and pesticides

When it comes to reducing water pollution, the products we use in our homes and gardens can have a significant impact. Many conventional cleaning and pest-control products contain harmful chemicals that can contaminate water sources and harm aquatic life. Therefore, opting for non-toxic, biodegradable alternatives is a crucial step towards reducing water pollution.

Biodegradable, non-toxic cleaners and pesticides are designed to break down naturally over time, minimising their environmental impact. They are typically made from natural, sustainable ingredients, such as plant-based or organic materials, that are gentler on both your health and the planet. By choosing these eco-friendly options, you can effectively reduce the amount of toxic chemicals that end up in our water systems.

One notable example of a non-toxic, biodegradable cleaner is Green Llama's range of products. Their laundry powder, for instance, is free from PVA, parabens, and phthalates, offering powerful stain removal without compromising the environment. Green Llama also offers a variety of eco-friendly cleaning solutions, including refillable bottles and zero-waste tablet refills, empowering you to clean without producing plastic waste.

Another excellent option for natural and non-toxic cleaning products is Branch Basics. Their concentrate is highly effective, yet gentle, and can be used for a multitude of cleaning tasks, from laundry to hand soap and bathroom cleaning. With natural ingredients like baking soda and organic chamomile, Branch Basics provides an eco-conscious, fragrance-free solution for your home.

Additionally, there are subscription services available, such as Grove Collaborative, that offer a wide range of household, personal care, and eco-friendly cleaning products. These services provide convenience and the opportunity to explore various natural brands, helping you maintain a clean home while reducing your carbon footprint and minimising plastic waste.

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