Laundry's Hidden Plastic Pollution Problem

Plastic pollution is a pressing issue, and it is now understood that our clothing is a significant contributor to the problem. Laundry is a major source of plastic pollution in the oceans, with microfibers from synthetic fabrics shed during the wash cycle entering our wastewater and, eventually, the marine environment. These microfibers are ingested by marine wildlife and can even end up in our food chain. While it is challenging to determine the exact amount of plastic pollution generated per load of laundry, it is estimated that a single wash could release hundreds of thousands of fibers into the water supply. With so many variables at play, from water temperature to detergent type, it is clear that individual actions, such as reducing laundry frequency and choosing clothing made from natural fabrics, can collectively make a significant difference in addressing this issue.

Synthetic fabrics and textiles shed microfibers into the water supply

The release of microfibers from synthetic fabrics during washing has been estimated to be significant, with a single load of laundry potentially releasing hundreds of thousands of fibers into the water supply. The exact amount of microfibers released per load can vary depending on various factors such as garment construction, materials used, water temperature, detergent type, and fabric softener. However, even if the amount of microfibers shed per load is small, it can still add up over time and contribute to the accumulation of plastic pollution in the oceans.

The problem of microfiber shedding is not limited to the washing process; synthetic clothing sheds microfibers constantly, even when being worn. While the focus has been on the impact of laundry on microfiber pollution, recent research has shown that clothing can shed almost as many microfibers into the air as into the water supply. This highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to addressing microfiber pollution, including both laundry practices and the design and manufacturing of synthetic fabrics.

To reduce microfiber shedding, individuals can take several measures, such as washing clothes less frequently, using cold water washing cycles, and installing microfiber filters in washing machines. Additionally, when buying clothes, consumers can choose synthetic fabrics that shed fewer microfibers and support brands that consider microfiber release at the design and manufacturing stages. Comprehensive legislative action is also needed to address microfiber pollution effectively and force brands and industries to take responsibility for minimizing microfiber releases.

The microfibers are ingested by marine wildlife and humans

The microfibres that are shed from clothing during the wash cycle are so small that they pass through sewage treatment plants and end up in the ocean. Marine wildlife, such as fish and birds, ingest these microfibers, which can be harmful to their health. Humans also end up ingesting these microfibers when they consume seafood that has been contaminated. Over time, the build-up of these microfibers in the bodies of marine wildlife and humans can have detrimental effects.

The ingestion of microfibers by marine wildlife has been a growing concern for environmentalists and scientists. As the microfibers are released into the ocean, they are mistaken for food by fish and other marine creatures, leading to their consumption. These tiny plastic particles can then make their way up the food chain as larger fish eat the smaller ones. Birds and other marine animals that feed on fish can also ingest significant amounts of microfibers.

The impact of microfiber ingestion on marine wildlife is still being studied, but initial findings suggest it can lead to health issues such as digestive problems and reduced growth rates. The microfibers can also absorb and release toxic chemicals, further contaminating the marine ecosystem.

In addition to the harm caused to marine life, the presence of microfibers in the ocean poses a risk to human health. Seafood, such as fish and shellfish, that are consumed by humans can contain microfibers. These particles can accumulate in the bodies of people who regularly eat seafood, potentially leading to health issues over time. While the full extent of the risk to humans is not yet fully understood, there is growing concern about the potential impact on our health.

To address this issue, individuals can take steps to reduce microfiber shedding in their laundry. This includes buying clothing made from natural fabrics, washing clothes less frequently, and using filters or laundry balls that are designed to capture microfibers. By making conscious choices about the clothing we buy and how we wash it, we can help reduce the ingestion of microfibers by both marine wildlife and humans.

Sewage treatment plants often don't have filters fine enough to catch the microfibers

Plastic pollution is a pressing issue, and it is now well-known that our clothing sheds microfibers during wash cycles, contributing to this problem. While some of these fibers are caught by the mesh lint traps in dryers, many are not, and they pass through into sewage treatment plants.

The issue is that these treatment plants often do not have filters fine enough to catch the microfibers. Even when they do, the fibers may end up in sewage byproducts like fertilizer. This means that the microfibers can eventually reach natural water bodies and contribute to plastic pollution. A study published in 2011 estimated that a population of 100,000 people could produce approximately 1.02 kg of fibers per day, which would add up to hundreds of kilograms of plastic pollution per year.

The study of microfiber pollution is relatively new, and while there are filters available for purchase to address microfiber shedding in laundry, they are not a perfect solution. In-drum and external microfiber filters for washing machines can help reduce microfiber pollution in wastewater, but they require regular cleaning, and the captured fibers must be disposed of properly by putting them in the trash, not down the sink.

To reduce the impact of laundry on plastic pollution, individuals can also take other actions, such as washing clothes less frequently, choosing synthetic fabrics that exude fewer microfibers, and buying fewer clothing items to reduce landfill waste.

Individuals can reduce microfiber shedding by washing clothes less frequently

Laundry has been identified as a significant source of plastic pollution in the world's oceans. Synthetic fibres from clothing, bedding, and other textiles shed microplastics that pass through sewage treatment plants and end up in the environment. These microfibers are released during the wash cycle due to friction and turbulence in the washing machine.

Individuals can play a crucial role in reducing microfiber shedding by adopting more sustainable laundry practices. One effective strategy is to wash clothes less frequently. While it may seem counterintuitive, reducing the number of wash cycles helps minimize the shedding of microfibers. This approach not only reduces microfiber pollution but also conserves water and energy, contributing to a more sustainable lifestyle.

Washing clothes less often can be achieved by adopting simple habits such as spot cleaning minor stains or odors instead of immediately reaching for the washing machine. Hanging clothes to air out between wears can also reduce the need for frequent laundering. Additionally, individuals can invest in good-quality, durable clothing that requires less frequent washing and will last longer, reducing the overall contribution to landfill waste.

Another strategy to reduce microfiber shedding is to opt for natural fibers like hemp, cotton, or linen whenever possible. These materials tend to shed fewer microfibers compared to synthetic fabrics. When purchasing clothing, individuals can inquire about the retailer's commitment to tackling microplastic fibers and choose brands that prioritize sustainability and eco-friendly practices. By making conscious choices about the types and sources of clothing they buy, individuals can further reduce their impact on the environment.

In summary, individuals can significantly reduce microfiber shedding by adopting a more mindful approach to laundry. Washing clothes less frequently, combined with the selection of sustainable and natural fabrics, empowers individuals to take direct action against plastic pollution and contribute to a healthier environment for themselves and future generations.

Filters can be added to washing machines to catch fibers before they enter wastewater

Laundry is a significant contributor to plastic pollution in the world's oceans. Synthetic fabrics tend to exude more microfibers than natural fabrics, and these tiny plastic fibers can pass through sewage treatment plants and end up in the ocean.

One way to address this issue is to install filters in washing machines to catch these microfibers before they enter the wastewater. There are two main types of filters available: those that are added to the washing machine's water outflow, and those that are thrown into the wash along with the clothes, such as laundry balls or bags. While these filters may not completely eliminate microfiber pollution, studies have shown that they can significantly reduce the number of microfibers released into the wastewater. For example, the Guppyfriend laundry bag has been shown to reduce microfibers by 54%, while washing machine filters have been found to capture up to 78-80% of microfibers by weight.

The PlanetCare filter is one such product that can be easily installed in all washing machines without the need for a plumber or special tools. The filter collects microfibers, which can then be recycled, and the company offers a subscription service for new cartridges when the old ones are full.

By using filters in washing machines, individuals can help reduce the amount of plastic pollution entering the oceans and protect the environment.

Frequently asked questions